Against susceptible organisms, metronidazole is generally bactericidal at concentrations equal to or slightly higher than the minimal inhibitory con- Metronidazole is one of the mainstay drugs for the treatment of anaerobic infections. It is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of anaerobic and protozoal infections. Metronidazole exerts its antimicrobial effects through the production of free radicals that are toxic to the microbe. Metronidazole is an antimicrobial agent that has been used in clinical medicine for 45 years. It was originally indicated for the management of infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis and was then shown to be effective against other protozoal infections, such as amebiasis and giardiasis. This the microbiology review from Dr. Sheth's lecture on 9/28. I put the info into flashcards so it would be easier to memorize. Metronidazole - Etiology, pathophysiology, symptoms, signs, diagnosis & prognosis from the Merck Manuals - Medical Professional Version. The acute toxicity of metronidazole was tested on freshwater and marine organisms. The tests showed effect on Chlorella sp. and Selenastrum capricornutum. 72-hr EC 10 of 2.03 mg/l and 19.9 mg/l respectively and 72-hr EC 50 values of 12.5 mg/l and 40.4 mg/l respectively were among the results obtained. Double Anaerobic Coverage: What is the role in clinical practice? BACKGROUND Anaerobic pathogens are normal flora of the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract. While oral anaerobic flora are mostly gram-positive organisms such as Peptococcus and Peptostreptococcus spp., the principal anaerobic intestinal flora are gram-negative bacilli such as Bacteroides fragilis, Prevotella. In the absence of fossil evidence, which might be used to dissect the history of metronidazole-sensitive eukaryotes, comparisons of small subunit rRNA (ssRNA) sequences may be used to reconstruct the phylogeny of these organisms and their aerobic counterparts (53, 82). Metronidazole is also generally thought to inhibit the liver metabolism of propylene glycol (found in some foods, medicines, and in many electronic cigarette e-liquids), thus propylene glycol may potentially have similar interaction effects with metronidazole. Sulfamethoxazole, a sulfonamide, induces its therapeutic effects by interfering with the de novo (that is, from within the cell) synthesis of folate inside microbial organisms such as protozoa, fungi and bacteria.